Name: _____________________

Ancient Greece Worksheet
chapter five, pp. 81(bottom)-93

Fill in the blank

1. The Athenians believed their polis owed its start to a man named _____________ by bringing together villages in ___________.
2. Athens was more oriented to ________ and _________ with other peoples because it had several fine _________.
3. The Athenians prided themselves at having taught men the most important aspects of ___________ life. They had a “_________ mission,” as they saw it.
4. Athens was the only major site not to suffer catastrophically during the ______ Age.
5. Archaeology has determined that by ____ B.C., Athens’ agricultural economy was reviving.
6. Free _________ were the fasting-growing segment of the population by 700 B.C. They were small ________ producers who insisted on have a greater say in making Athenian ________. They began to purchase hoplite _____ and make strong demands on the _______. (Up to that time, Athens was ruled as an ______________.)
7. The _____ were enfranchised as citizens in early Athens.
8. By the late seventh century B.C., the _____ citizens of Athens had established the first form of ___________ government. All free-born adult male citizens had a right to attend open meetings in a body called the ________, which elected ___ magistrates called ________ each year. (Still, this body had as yet _________ significance.)
9. In the aftermath of _________’s attempted tyranny, an Athenian named ________ was appointed in 621 B.C. His harsh ______ alienated the population.
10. After a series of crop failures, poor Athenian farmers lost control of their ______ to wealthy proprietors. The crisis became so acute that impoverished peasants were even being sold into ______ to pay off _______. _________ threatened to break out.
11. In 594 B.C ., ___________ was given special authority to revise the _____ of Athens. He tried to steer a middle course between the demands of the ______ and the ___________. He forbade the selling of Athenians into slavery for ______. He ranked male citizens into four classes: _____________________________, ______________, ________________, and _________________.
12. The higher a man’s class, the higher governmental _________ for which he was eligible.
13. A council of ______ men was created to prepare an agenda for discussions in the __________________. The elite could not dominate because members of the council were chosen by _____________.
14. The reform of Athenian law allowed for upward social ____________. If a man managed to increase his ___________, he could move up the scale of __________ for office.
15. Solon also ruled that any male citizen could act to bring justice to _______ of a crime. He also ruled that man had the right of ________ to the assembly.
16. The Council of Athens met on a hill known as the ______________. Archons could become members after their ______ in office. This body could exercise great power because at this time it judges the most serious _______ cases.
17. Democracy was replaced with ______ in the mid-sixth century B.C. when a prominent AThenian named __________ began a long and violent effort to make himself the sole ruler. He was helped by ________ friends and the _______. He was successful in ____ B.C. He won support of the poor by offering _________ on public works projects.
18. A member of a wealthy family, _____________, won popular support and began to install the __________ system for which Athens has become famous. He was opposed by troops from the city-state of _________. He organized the villages and the neighborhoods of the city of Athens -- both called ___________ -- into the constituent elements of Athenian democracy. This allowed for the _____ participation of as many adult _______ citizens as possible.
19. __________ represented the only form of Greek literature until the late Archaic Age. A new type, called ______________, emerged during this time. They were shorter than the ___________ form used by Homer and Hesiod. One famous female poet of the time was ___________. These new writers focused on the individual’s __________.
20. The Greeks were influenced by Egyptian ___________ and Babylonian ____________.
21. ________ was said to have predicted a lunar eclipse in 585 B.C. He and _____________ also concluded that the physical world was regulated by a set of ____. ___________ taught that the entire world was explicable through numbers, which led to the systematic study of _____________. The Greeks believed that the universe was a __________, an orderly arrangement that is beautiful. This led to the development of ___________, a way of thought based on reason. Still, the older tradition of explaining events as the work of _______ lived on alongside the new ideas.
22. In the view of some scholars, the Greek revolution in thought can be seen as the birth of __________________.


Short answer

1. What about the legend of Theseus made him "particularly appropriate as the founder" of Athens? How did his accomplishments contrast with those of the hero Heracles (Hercules)?











2. What two factors may have led Athens toward democracy and not oligarchy (as in Sparta)?










3. Discuss the reforms of Solon, including the four classes of male citizen that he created.











4. Discuss the reforms of Cleisthenes.